氧氣，氫氣，氮氣等氣體不同，沼氣其實是一種混合氣體，其主要組成成分包括甲烷，二氧化碳，硫化氫，水蒸氣等，不同方式產(chǎn)生的沼氣中各成分的比例會有所不同，但主要成分都是甲烷即CH4，因此，沼氣可燃燒，并且可以作為一種可再生能源使用。

Oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and other gases are different. Biogas is actually a mixed gas, and its main components include methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, water vapor, etc. The proportion of each component in biogas produced by different methods may vary, but the main component is methane, which is CH4. Therefore, biogas can be burned and can be used as a renewable energy source.

在沼氣的這些組成成分中，硫化氫氣體即H2S，本身具有臭味，而且對人體有害，并且能溶于水形成氫硫酸，對沼氣設(shè)備也會產(chǎn)生腐蝕性，所以在利用沼氣或者進(jìn)行燃燒排放前需要利用相關(guān)設(shè)備盡可能地去除硫化氫。這一步處理就被稱為沼氣脫硫。

Among these components of biogas, hydrogen sulfide gas, also known as H2S, has a foul odor and is harmful to human health. It can dissolve in water to form hydrosulfuric acid, which can also cause corrosion to biogas equipment. Therefore, before using biogas or conducting combustion emissions, it is necessary to use relevant equipment to remove hydrogen sulfide as much as possible. This step of treatment is called biogas desulfurization.

目前可以實現(xiàn)工業(yè)化運行的脫硫方法主要有三種，分別是干法脫硫，濕法脫硫和生物脫硫：

There are currently three main desulfurization methods that can achieve industrial operation, namely dry desulfurization, wet desulfurization, and biological desulfurization:

1、干法脫硫常用于低硫量沼氣的處理，尤其適合于中小型的沼氣工程，比如養(yǎng)殖場沼氣池、垃圾填埋場填埋氣處理、污水處理廠曝氣池的沼氣處理等，因為其設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，維護方便，幾乎不需要專業(yè)人員進(jìn)行操作，只需要定期對脫硫劑進(jìn)行再生和更換即可。目前市面上干法脫硫的脫硫劑一般采用氧化鐵顆粒，因為其成本較低，而且再生操作簡單。其他脫硫劑如氧化鋅、活性炭等因為無法再生，脫硫后只能進(jìn)行廢棄處理，不僅容易造成環(huán)境問題，還會提高脫硫成本。

1. Dry desulfurization is commonly used for the treatment of low sulfur biogas, especially suitable for small and medium-sized biogas projects, such as biogas tanks in breeding farms, landfill gas treatment in garbage landfills, and biogas treatment in aeration tanks in sewage treatment plants. Due to its simple equipment structure, easy maintenance, and almost no need for professional personnel to operate, it only requires regular regeneration and replacement of desulfurizers. At present, the desulfurizer for dry desulfurization on the market generally uses iron oxide particles because of their lower cost and simple regeneration operation. Other desulfurizers such as zinc oxide and activated carbon cannot be regenerated and can only be disposed of after desulfurization, which not only causes environmental problems but also increases desulfurization costs.

2、濕法脫硫是將沼氣送入特定溶劑中去除H2S的過程，一般是適用石灰石或石灰的漿液作為脫硫劑，濕法脫硫的脫硫率一般大于90%，而且處理量大，適用于大型沼氣工程。但是濕法脫硫的缺點也比較明顯：初期的投資費用高、運行費用高、占地面積大、系統(tǒng)操作復(fù)雜需要專人維護，副產(chǎn)物——石膏和廢水都比較難處理。

2. Wet desulfurization is the process of sending biogas into a specific solvent to remove H2S. Generally, limestone or lime slurry is used as a desulfurizer. The desulfurization rate of wet desulfurization is generally greater than 90%, and the processing capacity is large, making it suitable for large-scale biogas projects. However, the drawbacks of wet flue gas desulfurization are also quite obvious: high initial investment costs, high operating costs, large footprint, complex system operation requiring dedicated personnel to maintain, and difficult to treat by-products such as gypsum and wastewater.

3、生物脫硫又稱生物催化脫硫(簡稱BDS)，是一種新式的沼氣脫硫方式，在常溫常壓條件下利用特定種類的細(xì)菌進(jìn)行生物處理脫硫。生物脫硫技術(shù)包括生物過濾、生物吸附和生物滴濾法。這三個系統(tǒng)是開放的，它們的微生物種群會隨著環(huán)境的變化而變化。在生物脫硫過程中，氧化硫污染物應(yīng)通過生物還原生成硫化物或H2S，硫元素應(yīng)通過生物氧化生成單質(zhì)硫之后去除。

3. Biological desulfurization, also known as biocatalytic desulfurization (BDS), is a new type of biogas desulfurization method that utilizes specific types of bacteria for biological treatment and desulfurization under normal temperature and pressure conditions. Biological desulfurization technology includes biological filtration, biological adsorption, and biological drip filtration. These three systems are open, and their microbial populations will change with changes in the environment. In the process of biological desulfurization, sulfur oxide pollutants should be bioreduced to generate sulfides or H2S, and sulfur elements should be removed after generating elemental sulfur through biological oxidation.

通過自動化技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，實現(xiàn)了金屬板材加工的高效率和高精度。

Through the application of automation technology, high efficiency and precision in metal sheet metal processing have been achieved.

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